The Fundamentals of Snowball Chrysanthemum Flower: Characteristics, Standards, and Performance

Types of Snowball Chrysanthemum Flowers

The snowball chrysanthemum is a captivating flowering plant admired for its dense, spherical blooms and lush petal clusters. Known for its full, pompon-like appearance, this variety of chrysanthemum brings elegance and vibrancy to gardens, floral arrangements, and indoor spaces. These flowers are not only visually striking but also symbolize longevity, joy, and optimism in many cultures.

Beyond their aesthetic appeal, snowball chrysanthemums are prized for their adaptability and ease of care, making them a favorite among both novice and experienced gardeners. They bloom in late summer through fall and thrive in temperate climates with well-drained soil and ample sunlight.

By Color: A Palette of Elegance

White Snowball Chrysanthemum

Characterized by its pristine, snow-white blossoms, this variety exudes purity and serenity. Often used in wedding bouquets and memorial arrangements, it symbolizes innocence, reverence, and new beginnings.

Advantages

• Timeless elegance for formal events
• Complements any color palette
• Excellent for cut flower arrangements
• Represents peace and clarity

Considerations

• Shows dirt and browning more easily
• Limited contrast in shaded gardens

Best for: Weddings, sympathy arrangements, minimalist garden designs

Pink Snowball Chrysanthemum

Available in soft pastel blush to deep rose tones, pink snowball chrysanthemums add warmth and charm to any setting. These blooms convey affection, grace, and admiration.

Advantages

• Perfect for romantic and feminine themes
• Attracts pollinators like bees and butterflies
• Great for container gardening
• Versatile in floral design

Considerations

• Fades faster in direct sunlight
• May require staking in windy areas

Best for: Mother’s Day gifts, spring festivals, garden borders

Purple Snowball Chrysanthemum

With rich lavender, violet, or royal purple hues, this variety adds a regal and mystical touch to floral displays. Purple is often associated with luxury, creativity, and spiritual awareness.

Advantages

• Unique and eye-catching color
• Excellent focal point in garden beds
• Symbolizes dignity and elegance
• Long vase life when cut

Considerations

• Less common and may be harder to source
• Can clash with overly bright surroundings

Best for: Artistic floral arrangements, autumn decor, luxury-themed events

Yellow Snowball Chrysanthemum

Bright and sunny, yellow snowball chrysanthemums radiate cheerfulness and positivity. Their golden tones mimic the warmth of sunlight, making them ideal for uplifting spaces.

Advantages

• Boosts mood and energy in garden spaces
• High visibility in landscape design
• Attracts beneficial insects
• Symbolizes happiness and friendship

Considerations

• May appear gaudy if overused
• Susceptible to aphids without proper care

Best for: Cheerful gardens, seasonal celebrations, gift bouquets

Bi-Color Snowball Chrysanthemum

These captivating varieties feature a blend of two colors—such as white with pink tips, yellow with red streaks, or cream with lavender edges—creating a dynamic, multi-dimensional bloom. Bi-color types are often bred for visual drama and are highly sought after in floristry.

Advantages

• Striking visual interest and complexity
• Perfect for statement arrangements
• Adds depth to garden color schemes
• Unique and conversation-starting

Considerations

• More challenging to pair with other plants
• May require more precise growing conditions

Best for: Specialty floral designs, garden focal points, photography backdrops

By Size and Shape: Form and Function

Standard Snowball Chrysanthemum

The classic form of the snowball chrysanthemum, typically measuring 3–5 inches in diameter. These full, rounded blooms are composed of hundreds of tightly packed petals, creating a plush, ball-like appearance.

Advantages

• Highly recognizable and traditional
• Ideal for cut flowers and bouquets
• Strong stems support large blooms
• Excellent for mass planting

Considerations

• Taller varieties may need support
• Requires spacing to prevent mildew

Best for: Cut flower gardens, borders, ceremonial arrangements

Mini Snowball Chrysanthemum

Compact blooms ranging from 1 to 2 inches in diameter, perfect for small spaces. These dwarf varieties maintain the fullness of their larger counterparts but in a more delicate form.

Advantages

• Ideal for container gardening
• Perfect for window boxes and patios
• Great for indoor decoration
• Low maintenance and space-efficient

Considerations

• Less visible from a distance
• May require more frequent watering

Best for: Apartments, small gardens, tabletop centerpieces

Pompon Chrysanthemum

Even smaller than mini snowballs, pompon chrysanthemums are tightly formed, measuring about 1 inch in diameter. While technically a separate classification, they are often grouped with snowball types due to their similar spherical shape and dense petal structure.

Advantages

• Adorable and whimsical appearance
• Excellent for floral crafts and boutonnieres
• Long blooming period
• High petal count for their size

Considerations

• Too small for large arrangements
• Fragile in heavy rain or wind

Best for: Corsages, dried flower projects, children’s gardens

By Hybridization: Purpose-Bred Varieties

Garden Varieties

Bred for outdoor cultivation, these snowball chrysanthemums are selected for hardiness, climate adaptability, and natural beauty. They thrive in garden beds and borders, often returning year after year in suitable zones.

Advantages

• Drought-tolerant once established
• Attracts pollinators
• Low maintenance and resilient
• Available in diverse colors and sizes

Considerations

• May require winter protection in cold zones
• Needs good air circulation to prevent disease

Best for: Landscaping, perennial gardens, eco-friendly yards

Commercial Varieties

Specifically developed for the floral industry, these hybrids emphasize long vase life, disease resistance, uniform blooms, and transport durability. They are commonly found in florist shops and event decor.

Advantages

• Lasts 2–3 weeks in vases
• Resistant to common fungal diseases
• Consistent size and color
• Ships well for commercial distribution

Considerations

• Higher cost than garden types
• Less genetic diversity

Best for: Florists, weddings, event planners, retail flower markets

Expert Tip: To extend the vase life of cut snowball chrysanthemums, trim the stems at a 45-degree angle, remove lower leaves, and change the water every 2–3 days. Adding a floral preservative can help prevent bacterial growth and keep blooms fresh longer.

Gardening Tip: Pinch back young chrysanthemum plants in early summer to encourage bushier growth and more blooms in the fall. This technique, known as "disbudding," helps create fuller, more compact plants with larger flower heads.

Design of Snowball Chrysanthemum Flowers

Snowball chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium) are celebrated for their distinctive spherical blooms and lush, full appearance. Their tightly packed, layered petals create a plush, pom-pom-like effect that adds elegance and volume to gardens, floral arrangements, and seasonal displays. This unique aesthetic, combined with their durability and color variety, makes them a favorite among horticulturists and florists alike.

Key Design Characteristics

Petal Structure

The defining feature of snowball chrysanthemums is their intricate petal arrangement. Each bloom consists of numerous silky, smooth petals that are densely packed in a radial pattern. The petals are slightly curved with rounded tips and overlap like fish scales, forming a seamless, ball-like structure.

This configuration not only enhances the flower’s visual fullness but also contributes to its resilience in various weather conditions. The tight layering protects the central florets and prolongs bloom life, making these flowers ideal for both outdoor cultivation and cut-flower arrangements.

Color Palette and Symbolism

Snowball chrysanthemums come in a wide spectrum of colors, with white, soft pink, golden yellow, and deep purple being the most common. Bi-color varieties—featuring gradients or contrasting edges—add visual drama and are increasingly popular in modern floral design.

Each color carries symbolic meaning: white represents purity, peace, and remembrance; pink conveys affection, grace, and warmth; yellow radiates joy, energy, and positivity; while purple suggests dignity and elegance. As the flowers mature, their hues often soften or transition subtly, creating a dynamic, evolving display that enhances their ornamental value.

Shape and Size

True to their name, snowball chrysanthemums form perfectly rounded, symmetrical blossoms that resemble fluffy snowballs. The bloom diameter typically ranges from 2 to 5 inches, depending on the cultivar, growing conditions, and care practices.

Larger varieties require optimal nutrition and support to maintain their structural integrity. Their spherical symmetry makes them excellent focal points in garden beds, containers, and floral centerpieces. The uniform shape also lends itself well to mass planting for impactful visual effects in landscape design.

Foliage and Stem Structure

The foliage of snowball chrysanthemums consists of dark green, deeply lobed leaves with serrated margins. These aromatic, slightly textured leaves provide a rich, verdant backdrop that accentuates the vibrancy of the blooms.

The stems are erect, fibrous, and robust, typically growing between 18 and 36 inches tall. Their strength is essential for supporting the weight of the large, dense flower heads without bending or breaking. Proper staking or spacing may be necessary for taller varieties to maintain upright growth and prevent damage during windy conditions.

Design Applications and Tips

Important: While snowball chrysanthemums are hardy, they are sensitive to overwatering and poor air circulation, which can lead to fungal diseases like powdery mildew. Always plant in well-drained soil and avoid wetting the foliage when watering. Regular pruning and deadheading encourage bushier growth and more blooms, enhancing the plant’s natural design potential.

Scenarios of Snowball Chrysanthemum Flowers

Snowball chrysanthemums, known for their lush, pom-pom-like blooms and vibrant colors, are among the most versatile flowering plants in both horticulture and floral design. Blooming in the fall when many other perennials begin to fade, they bring a burst of life and color to gardens and arrangements alike. Their full, rounded flower heads make them ideal for creating visual impact, whether in landscape design, seasonal decor, or meaningful gifting.

Gardening Applications

Snowball chrysanthemums thrive in mixed borders and cottage gardens, where their bold form and rich hues add depth and seasonal interest. Reaching heights of 2 to 3 feet, they serve as excellent mid- to back-border plants, providing structure and late-season color.

• Focal Points: Their large, spherical blooms (often 3–5 inches in diameter) naturally draw the eye, making them ideal as centerpieces in garden beds.
• Mass Plantings: Grouping multiple plants creates a harmonious, cloud-like effect that enhances garden cohesion and provides a stunning autumn display.
• Companion Planting: Pair well with ornamental grasses, sedums, and asters to create dynamic texture contrasts and extend seasonal interest.
• Container Gardening: Perfect for patio pots and autumn planters, especially when combined with pansies, kale, or heuchera for a multi-layered fall arrangement.

Pro tip: Pinch back stems in early summer to encourage bushier growth and more abundant flowering in the fall.

Floral Arrangements & Events

The dense, rounded shape and voluminous petals of snowball mums make them a favorite among florists for creating full-bodied, elegant arrangements. Their durability and long vase life (up to two weeks) further enhance their appeal.

• Wedding Bouquets: Widely used in fall weddings for their romantic, soft appearance. Available in whites, creams, pinks, and deep burgundies, they easily complement rustic, vintage, or modern themes.
• Table Centerpieces: Ideal for events such as birthdays, anniversaries, and corporate functions. Paired with eucalyptus, roses, or berries, they add sophistication and warmth.
• Boutonnieres & Corsages: Smaller blooms can be used in bridal party accessories for a cohesive seasonal look.
• Funeral Sprays: Often included in sympathy arrangements to symbolize remembrance and honor.

Design tip: Combine with linear flowers like snapdragons or delphiniums to balance their roundness and add visual contrast.

Seasonal Displays & Decor

As quintessential fall bloomers, snowball chrysanthemums are synonymous with autumn aesthetics. Their bloom time (September to November) aligns perfectly with seasonal celebrations and harvest themes.

• Porch & Entry Decor: Potted mums in vibrant oranges, reds, or yellows welcome guests during fall and Thanksgiving.
• Farmers Market & Festival Displays: Frequently used in seasonal markets, pumpkin patches, and harvest festivals for their festive appearance.
• Indoor Accents: Bring the outdoors in with potted mums placed near windows, mantels, or dining tables to enhance seasonal ambiance.
• Complementary Pairings: Combine with gourds, corn stalks, and bales of hay for classic autumn vignettes.

Creative idea: Use white or pale pink varieties for a softer, more elegant Halloween or early fall decor scheme.

Symbolism & Gifting Traditions

Beyond their visual appeal, snowball chrysanthemums carry deep cultural and emotional significance across the world, making them thoughtful gifts for a variety of occasions.

• Symbol of Joy & Admiration: In many Western cultures, they represent cheerfulness, friendship, and well-wishes, making them perfect for birthdays or get-well gifts.
• Honor & Longevity: In Asian traditions, particularly in China and Japan, chrysanthemums symbolize nobility, longevity, and rejuvenation. They are often used in festivals like the Japanese Chrysanthemum Festival (Kiku-no-Sekku).
• Memorial & Remembrance: In Europe and parts of Asia, white mums are associated with remembrance and are commonly placed on graves during holidays like All Saints’ Day.
• Global Celebrations: Featured in fall festivals, Día de los Muertos displays, and cultural ceremonies as a symbol of the beauty and transience of life.

Cultural note: Always consider regional symbolism when gifting—while mums are celebratory in the U.S., they may be reserved for solemn occasions in some European countries.

Expert Recommendation: For maximum impact, choose disease-resistant cultivars like 'Sheffield' or 'Clara Curtis' for garden use, and premium-grade, fresh-cut blooms with tight buds for floral arrangements. When designing with snowball mums, balance their fullness with airy fillers like baby’s breath or statice to create dimension and prevent overcrowding in bouquets.

Additional Considerations

• Care & Maintenance: Water regularly and deadhead spent blooms to prolong flowering. Protect from early frosts with mulch or row covers.
• Allergy-Friendly: Low pollen emission makes them suitable for allergy-sensitive environments.
• Sustainability: Perennial varieties reduce replanting needs, while cut flowers have a lower carbon footprint compared to imported exotics.
• Wildlife Benefits: Attracts late-season pollinators like bees and butterflies before winter.
• Versatility: Can be dried for potpourri or used in pressed flower crafts, extending their usefulness beyond fresh display.

Specification & Maintenance of Snowball Chrysanthemums

Snowball chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium 'Snowball') are prized for their lush, spherical blooms and hardy nature, making them a favorite among gardeners for fall color and floral arrangements. With proper care, these perennials can thrive for years, producing vibrant white flowers that brighten gardens and vases alike. This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know about growing, maintaining, and enjoying snowball chrysanthemums, from ideal soil conditions to pest prevention and harvesting techniques.

Important Note: While snowball chrysanthemums are beautiful and low-maintenance, they are mildly toxic to pets and humans if ingested. Always wash hands after handling, and keep them out of reach of children and animals.

Growing Conditions for Optimal Health

Creating the right environment is the foundation of successful chrysanthemum cultivation. These plants thrive when their basic needs for soil, sunlight, and water are met consistently.

• Soil Requirements: Snowball chrysanthemums flourish in well-draining, loamy soil rich in organic matter. This type of soil promotes healthy root development by balancing moisture retention with adequate aeration. Before planting, amend the soil with 2–3 inches of compost or aged manure to enhance fertility and improve texture. A slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0–7.0) is ideal for nutrient uptake.
• Sunlight Needs: These plants are sun-lovers and require a minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight daily, preferably morning sun. Full sun exposure encourages strong stems, compact growth, and maximum flowering. In regions with intense afternoon heat, providing light shade during the hottest part of the day can prevent stress and wilting.
• Watering Practices: Consistent moisture is key during the growing season. Water deeply once a week—more frequently during dry spells—to encourage deep root systems. The soil should remain moist but never waterlogged. Use a moisture meter or finger test (inserting finger 1–2 inches into the soil) to check before watering. Reduce frequency in winter when growth slows or the plant becomes dormant.

Pruning and Deadheading for Bushier Growth and Prolonged Blooms

Regular pruning and deadheading are essential for maintaining plant shape, promoting air circulation, and extending the blooming period.

• Begin pruning in early spring before new growth emerges. Cut back old stems to about 2–3 inches above ground level to remove winter damage and stimulate fresh, vigorous shoots.
• Pinch back the tips of new growth every few weeks until mid-summer (around July). This technique, known as "disbudding" or "pinching," encourages lateral branching and results in a fuller, more compact plant with more flower buds.
• Deadhead spent flowers promptly by cutting just above a leaf node or lateral bud. This prevents the plant from diverting energy into seed production and redirects it toward forming new blooms. Regular deadheading also improves appearance and reduces the risk of fungal diseases.

Expert Tip: Stop pinching by mid-summer to allow flower buds to develop fully for a stunning fall display. Late pinching may delay blooming or prevent flowers from opening before frost.

Fertilizing for Healthy Growth and Abundant Blooms

Nutrient support is crucial for vibrant foliage and prolific flowering. A balanced feeding schedule ensures your chrysanthemums remain strong and resilient.

• Start fertilizing in early spring as new growth appears. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer such as 10-10-10 (N-P-K) to provide equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
• Apply every 4–6 weeks throughout the growing season (spring to late summer). Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers late in the season, as they can promote excessive leafy growth at the expense of flowers.
• Consider supplementing with a bloom-boosting fertilizer (higher in phosphorus, like 5-10-5) in mid-summer to enhance flower size and color intensity.
• Always water the soil before and after fertilizing to prevent root burn and ensure even nutrient distribution.

Pest and Disease Control Strategies

While generally hardy, snowball chrysanthemums can be vulnerable to certain pests and diseases, especially under poor growing conditions.

• Common Pests: Aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies are frequent visitors. Inspect the undersides of leaves regularly for clusters of insects, webbing, or sticky honeydew residue. These pests feed on sap, weakening the plant and potentially spreading viral diseases.
• Pest Management: Treat infestations early using insecticidal soap or neem oil. Apply according to label instructions, ensuring thorough coverage, especially on leaf undersides. Repeat applications may be necessary for persistent pests. Introducing beneficial insects like ladybugs can also help control aphid populations naturally.
• Common Diseases: Powdery mildew and root rot are the most prevalent issues. Powdery mildew appears as a white, powdery coating on leaves and is often caused by poor air circulation or overhead watering. Root rot occurs in poorly drained soils and leads to yellowing leaves and plant collapse.
• Disease Prevention: Space plants adequately (18–24 inches apart) to promote airflow. Water at the base rather than overhead to keep foliage dry. Use mulch to regulate soil moisture and temperature, but avoid piling it against the stems. If powdery mildew appears, treat with a fungicide or a homemade solution of baking soda and water (1 tsp per quart).

Weather Considerations and Climate Adaptation

Snowball chrysanthemums are cold-hardy perennials (USDA Zones 5–9), but they benefit from protection in extreme conditions.

• In cooler climates, they tolerate light frosts but may need mulching in late fall to protect roots during winter dormancy. Apply a 2–3 inch layer of straw or shredded bark after the ground cools.
• In areas with harsh winters, cover plants with frost cloths or burlap during freezing spells to prevent tissue damage.
• In hot climates (Zone 8+), provide afternoon shade to reduce heat stress. Morning sun with filtered afternoon light helps maintain turgor and prevents premature wilting.
• Avoid planting in low-lying areas where cold air settles or water pools, as this increases frost and rot risks.

Harvesting and Storage for Long-Lasting Arrangements

Harvesting at the right time and storing properly ensures your snowball chrysanthemums remain fresh and beautiful in floral displays.

• Harvest stems in the early morning when temperatures are cool and plants are fully hydrated. Choose blooms that are just beginning to open for the longest vase life.
• Use sharp, clean pruners to cut stems at a 45-degree angle, just above a leaf node or lateral bud. This promotes new growth and maintains plant aesthetics.
• Immediately place cut stems in a bucket of cool water and allow them to hydrate for several hours (preferably in a cool, dark room) before arranging.
• Vase life can reach 7–10 days with proper care. Change water every two days, re-cut stems by ½ inch, and add commercial flower preservative to inhibit bacterial growth.
• Store unused cut flowers in a refrigerator (34–40°F) away from fruits that emit ethylene gas, which accelerates aging. Wrap stems in damp paper towels and place in a plastic bag for short-term storage.

Florist’s Tip: For a fuller bouquet, combine snowball chrysanthemums with complementary foliage like eucalyptus or fillers such as baby’s breath. Their neutral white color makes them versatile for both monochromatic and colorful arrangements.

Additional Care Tips for Long-Term Success

• Divide mature clumps every 2–3 years in spring to rejuvenate the plant and prevent overcrowding.
• Label your plants to track varieties and care schedules.
• Keep a garden journal to record bloom times, pruning dates, and pest issues for future reference.
• Avoid planting near black walnut trees, as they release juglone, a compound toxic to many plants including chrysanthemums.
• Consider growing in containers for better control over soil and moisture, especially in areas with heavy clay or poor drainage.

With attentive care and seasonal maintenance, snowball chrysanthemums can become a reliable and rewarding part of your garden. Their elegant blooms, resilience, and versatility make them a standout choice for both landscape beauty and indoor floral enjoyment. By following this guide, you’ll ensure your plants remain healthy, vibrant, and ready to dazzle each growing season.

Frequently Asked Questions About Snowball Chrysanthemums

Yes, snowball chrysanthemums (often referred to as "snowball chrysanths") can thrive in containers when given the proper care. Container gardening offers excellent control over soil quality, drainage, and placement, making it ideal for urban gardeners or those with limited garden space.

• Pot Size: Choose a pot that is at least 12 inches in diameter and depth to accommodate the plant’s fibrous root system and allow room for growth.
• Drainage: Ensure the container has adequate drainage holes to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. Use a high-quality, well-draining potting mix designed for flowering perennials.
• Mobility Benefits: Potted plants can be moved to follow sunlight throughout the seasons or brought under cover during heavy rain or frost, offering greater environmental control.
• Watering Needs: Container-grown chrysanthemums may dry out faster than in-ground plants, so check soil moisture regularly—especially during hot weather.

With proper care, potted snowball chrysanthemums can bloom beautifully each season and even be overwintered indoors in colder climates.

Snowball chrysanthemums are generally classified as herbaceous perennials in USDA hardiness zones 5–9, where they can return and bloom year after year with proper winter care.

• Perennial Behavior: In temperate climates, these plants die back in winter and regrow from the roots in spring. Mulching after the first frost helps protect the crown and roots from freezing.
• Annual Use: In regions with extremely cold winters (zone 4 and below) or intense summer heat (zone 10+), they may not survive year-round and are often treated as seasonal annuals.
• Lifespan: Even in suitable zones, individual plants may decline after 3–4 years, so dividing and replanting every few years helps maintain vigor and bloom quality.

Understanding your local climate and providing appropriate winter protection is key to growing them as true perennials.

Wilting in snowball chrysanthemums is often caused by improper watering, heat stress, or poor growing conditions. Preventing it involves a balanced approach to care:

• Consistent Watering: Keep the soil evenly moist but not soggy. Water deeply 2–3 times per week, depending on weather, allowing the top inch of soil to dry slightly between sessions.
• Afternoon Shade: In hot climates (above 85°F), provide partial shade during the hottest part of the day to prevent heat stress and reduce moisture loss.
• Soil Quality: Use rich, loamy soil with organic matter to retain moisture and support healthy root development.
• Cut Flower Care: When used in vases, recut stems at an angle, remove submerged leaves, change water daily, and add commercial flower preservative to extend vase life and prevent wilting.
• Avoid Overcrowding: Ensure good air circulation by spacing plants 18–24 inches apart to reduce humidity-related issues and fungal diseases.

Regular monitoring and prompt adjustments to environmental conditions can keep your chrysanthemums upright and vibrant throughout the blooming season.

Yes, snowball chrysanthemums are generally considered deer-resistant due to their natural characteristics that deter browsing.

• Bitter Taste: The foliage contains compounds that give it a slightly bitter flavor, making it unpalatable to deer.
• Strong Aroma: The distinctive scent of chrysanthemum leaves—especially when touched or crushed—acts as a natural repellent to deer and other herbivores.
• Not Foolproof: While deer typically avoid them, hungry deer in areas with limited food sources may still nibble on the plants, particularly young or tender growth.

For added protection in high-deer-pressure areas, consider companion planting with other deer-resistant species like lavender, salvia, or ornamental onions, or use physical barriers such as fencing.

Yes, snowball chrysanthemums are highly attractive to a variety of beneficial pollinators, making them a valuable addition to pollinator-friendly gardens.

• Bees: Both honeybees and native bee species are drawn to the abundant nectar and pollen, especially in late summer and fall when other floral resources become scarce.
• Butterflies: The large, fluffy blooms provide a landing platform and rich nectar source, attracting species like monarchs, swallowtails, and painted ladies.
• Hoverflies and Beneficial Insects: These flowers also attract hoverflies, which help with pollination and whose larvae feed on garden pests like aphids.
• Bloom Timing: As a late-season bloomer, snowball chrysanthemums play a crucial role in supporting pollinators preparing for winter, contributing to ecosystem health and biodiversity.

To maximize pollinator visits, avoid using pesticides and plant chrysanthemums in clusters rather than isolated specimens to create a more inviting floral display.