Shih Tzu Puppy Food: Key Standards, Physical Properties, and Engineering Applications

Types of Shih Tzu Puppy Food

Choosing the right food for your Shih Tzu puppy is essential for their growth, energy, and long-term health. These small, affectionate dogs have unique nutritional needs due to their size, fast metabolism, and potential dental or digestive sensitivities. Below is a comprehensive overview of the four main types of puppy food available, including their benefits, drawbacks, and ideal use cases for Shih Tzus.

Dry Food (Kibble)

The most popular and convenient choice for small-breed puppies like Shih Tzus.

Advantages

• Cost-effective and widely available
• Long shelf life with no refrigeration needed
• Supports dental health by reducing plaque and tartar buildup
• High in essential nutrients like protein, fat, and carbohydrates
• Easy to store, measure, and portion

Limitations

• May contain fillers and artificial ingredients
• Limited moisture content, which may contribute to dehydration
• Lower palatability for picky eaters
• Some formulas may not be specifically tailored to small breeds

Best for: Daily feeding, budget-conscious owners, and households seeking convenience and dental benefits

Wet Food (Canned or Pouched)

Moist, flavorful food that appeals to finicky eaters and supports hydration.

Advantages

• High moisture content helps prevent dehydration
• Strong aroma and taste encourage appetite
• Soft texture is gentle on developing or sensitive teeth
• Often made with real meat as the primary ingredient
• Available in small-breed-specific formulas

Limitations

• More expensive than dry food
• Shorter shelf life once opened
• Can be messy and less convenient to serve
• Potential for high sodium or preservative content
• Lower calorie density may require larger portions

Best for: Puppies with low appetite, dental issues, or those needing extra hydration

Raw Diet

Natural, uncooked meals made from raw meat, bones, organs, and vegetables.

Advantages

• Preserves natural enzymes and nutrients lost in cooking
• High in protein to support muscle development and energy
• Promotes healthier skin, coat, and digestion
• May improve dental health through natural chewing action
• Great for puppies with allergies or sensitivities (limited-ingredient options)

Limitations

• Risk of bacterial contamination (e.g., Salmonella, E. coli)
• Requires careful nutritional balancing to avoid deficiencies
• Time-consuming to prepare and store
• Higher cost and limited availability
• Potentially low in carbohydrates for sustained energy

Best for: Owners seeking a natural, high-protein diet and willing to invest time in meal planning and safety

Homemade Food

Custom meals prepared at home using fresh, whole ingredients.

Advantages

• Full control over ingredients and quality
• Tailored to address allergies, sensitivities, or health conditions
• Fresh, preservative-free meals with visible nutrition
• Budget-friendly when sourcing ingredients wisely
• Strengthens bond between caregiver and puppy

Limitations

• Risk of nutritional imbalances without expert guidance
• Time-intensive to prepare and portion daily
• Shorter shelf life and refrigeration required
• Lack of consistency in commercial-grade quality control
• Requires research or consultation with a veterinary nutritionist

Best for: Owners committed to customized, fresh feeding and able to ensure complete nutritional balance

Expert Tip: For optimal results, consider combining dry food with small amounts of wet or raw food to enhance palatability and hydration. Always consult your veterinarian before switching to a raw or homemade diet to ensure it meets AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) standards for puppy growth.

Final Considerations

When selecting food for your Shih Tzu puppy, prioritize formulas labeled for small-breed puppies with real meat as the first ingredient. Look for balanced levels of protein (22–32%), fat (8–20%), and digestible carbohydrates. Avoid foods with excessive fillers like corn, soy, or by-products. Transition foods gradually over 7–10 days to prevent digestive upset, and always provide fresh water—especially when feeding dry or raw diets.

Essential Ingredients in Shih Tzu Puppy Food: A Complete Guide

Feeding your Shih Tzu puppy a well-balanced, nutrient-rich diet is crucial during their early months of rapid growth and development. As a small breed with unique physiological needs, Shih Tzus benefit from specially formulated puppy food that supports their energy levels, immune function, coat health, and overall well-being. Understanding the key ingredients in high-quality puppy food helps pet owners make informed decisions and avoid potentially harmful additives. Below is a detailed breakdown of the most important components to look for in Shih Tzu puppy food.

1. Meat and Meat By-Products: Building Blocks for Growth

High-quality animal protein is the cornerstone of any puppy’s diet, especially for small breeds like the Shih Tzu that require dense nutrition in smaller portions. Meat and meat by-products provide essential amino acids necessary for muscle development, tissue repair, and metabolic function.

Common sources include real chicken, lamb, beef, and turkey, which are highly palatable and easily digestible for puppies. Meat by-products—such as liver, heart, kidneys, and bone meal—are not waste materials but nutrient-dense components rich in iron, B-vitamins, zinc, and minerals like calcium and phosphorus, which support strong bones and dental health.

Look for foods where whole meats are listed among the first ingredients. Terms like “chicken meal” or “beef meal” indicate concentrated protein sources with reduced moisture, making them more nutritionally efficient than raw meat alone. However, avoid low-quality fillers or unnamed by-products (e.g., “animal by-product meal”) that may come from unspecified or inferior sources.

Note: Never feed your Shih Tzu human-prepared meats seasoned with salt, garlic, or onions, as these can cause serious health issues including sodium toxicity and hemolytic anemia.

2. Fruits and Vegetables: Natural Nutrition for Immunity and Digestion

Fruits and vegetables are excellent natural sources of vitamins, antioxidants, fiber, and hydration. In premium puppy foods, they complement animal proteins by enhancing immune function, promoting healthy digestion, and supporting cellular health.

Common beneficial ingredients include:

• Blueberries: Packed with antioxidants to protect cells and support brain health.
• Carrots: Rich in beta-carotene (vitamin A), which supports vision and skin health.
• Apples (seedless): Provide fiber and vitamin C, though seeds must be removed due to cyanide content.
• Peas and Pumpkin: High in soluble fiber, aiding digestion and helping prevent constipation.
• Watermelon (in moderation): Offers hydration and electrolytes, ideal for active puppies.

These ingredients also add natural flavor and variety, encouraging picky eaters to enjoy their meals. However, some fruits and vegetables are toxic to dogs. Grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, and chives should be strictly avoided, as they can cause kidney failure or red blood cell damage. Always ensure commercial foods exclude these hazardous ingredients.

3. Grains and Carbohydrates: Sustained Energy for Small, Active Puppies

Carbohydrates are a vital energy source, particularly for small breeds like Shih Tzus that have high metabolic rates but limited stomach capacity. Complex carbs provide slow-releasing energy, fueling play, learning, and growth without spiking blood sugar.

Healthy grain and starch sources include:

• Brown Rice: Easily digestible and gentle on sensitive stomachs.
• Oats: Rich in fiber and protein, supporting heart and digestive health.
• Sweet Potatoes: A low-glycemic, nutrient-dense option rich in beta-carotene and fiber.
• Tapioca and Pumpkin: Gluten-free binders that also support gut health.

For puppies with grain sensitivities or allergies, grain-free formulas often use legumes like peas or chickpeas as alternative carbohydrate and protein sources. However, recent studies suggest a potential link between certain grain-free diets and canine dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), so consult your veterinarian before choosing a grain-free option.

Avoid foods with excessive corn, wheat, or soy—common allergens that offer little nutritional value and may trigger skin irritation or digestive upset in sensitive Shih Tzus.

4. Healthy Fats: Supporting Brain, Skin, and Coat Development

Fats are calorie-dense nutrients essential for brain development, nerve function, and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K). During the critical early months, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid)—an omega-3 fatty acid—plays a key role in cognitive and visual development.

High-quality fat sources include:

• Fish Oil: One of the best sources of DHA and EPA, supporting brain, eye, and joint health.
• Chicken Fat: A palatable, energy-rich fat that enhances flavor and provides essential fatty acids.
• Flaxseed Oil: Plant-based omega-3s that contribute to a soft, shiny coat and reduce inflammation.

Omega-6 fatty acids (found in poultry fat and sunflower oil) work in balance with omega-3s to maintain skin integrity and a lustrous coat. A proper omega-3 to omega-6 ratio (ideally between 5:1 and 10:1) helps reduce itching, dryness, and flakiness—common issues in Shih Tzus due to their long, double coats.

Always ensure fats come from fresh, high-quality sources. Rancid or poorly stored fats can degrade nutrients and cause gastrointestinal distress.

Important: Always consult your veterinarian before making significant changes to your Shih Tzu puppy’s diet. Individual puppies may have allergies, sensitivities, or medical conditions that require specialized nutrition. Choose foods labeled as “complete and balanced” for the “growth” or “all life stages” category, meeting AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) standards. Avoid artificial preservatives (BHA, BHT), colors, and fillers like corn syrup or generic “meat by-products.” Prioritize transparency, quality sourcing, and breed-specific formulations for optimal health outcomes.

Benefits of Shih Tzu Puppy Food

Feeding your Shih Tzu puppy the right nutrition is crucial during their early months of life. These small, energetic dogs have unique developmental needs that require specialized care. Shih Tzu puppy food is scientifically formulated to support healthy growth, promote vitality, and prevent long-term health issues. Below are the key benefits of choosing high-quality puppy food tailored specifically for this beloved companion breed.

Complete & Balanced Nutrition

Shih Tzu puppies undergo rapid growth in their first year, requiring a precise balance of macronutrients and micronutrients. Premium puppy food delivers optimal levels of:

• Protein (22–28%) – Supports muscle development and tissue repair
• Fat (8–15%) – Provides concentrated energy for active play and brain development
• Calcium & Phosphorus – Promotes strong bone and teeth formation
• DHA (from fish oil) – Enhances cognitive function and vision
• Vitamins & Minerals – Bolsters immune system and metabolic health

Unlike adult dog food, which may lack sufficient nutrient density, puppy-specific formulas are designed to meet AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) standards for growth. This helps prevent deficiencies that could lead to stunted development, joint issues, or weakened immunity.

Pro Tip: Always check the label for "complete and balanced" statements for growth stages to ensure nutritional adequacy.

Hydration Support for Brachycephalic Breeds

Shih Tzus are brachycephalic (short-nosed), making them prone to overheating and dehydration—especially in warm climates or during activity. Wet or moisture-rich puppy food plays a vital role in maintaining hydration.

• Wet food contains up to 75–80% water, compared to only 10–12% in dry kibble
• Helps prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and kidney strain
• Supports saliva production and oral health
• Encourages consistent fluid intake in picky drinkers

For owners using dry kibble, consider mixing in warm water or low-sodium broth to boost moisture. This is especially beneficial during house training, as well-hydrated puppies urinate more regularly and consistently.

Breed-Specific Note: Due to their flat faces, Shih Tzus can struggle with drinking from bowls—moist food helps compensate for this challenge.

Improved Digestion & Gut Health

A sensitive digestive system is common in Shih Tzus. High-quality puppy food addresses this with targeted ingredients that support gastrointestinal wellness.

• Soluble Fiber (e.g., beet pulp, pumpkin) – Regulates bowel movements and prevents diarrhea or constipation
• Prebiotics (FOS, MOS) – Feed beneficial gut bacteria for improved nutrient absorption
• Probiotics (in select formulas) – Reinforce gut flora balance, especially after antibiotics
• Highly Digestible Proteins (e.g., chicken, lamb) – Reduce stool volume and odor

A healthy gut contributes to a shiny coat, strong immunity, and consistent energy levels. For Shih Tzus, this also means fewer digestive upsets during transitions like weaning or vaccinations.

Bonus Benefit: Better digestion leads to smaller, firmer stools—making house training easier and cleanup simpler for owners.

Convenience, Safety & Peace of Mind

In today’s fast-paced world, commercial puppy food offers a safe, reliable, and time-efficient feeding solution—especially for first-time Shih Tzu owners.

• Pathogen-Free Formulation – Unlike raw or homemade diets, commercial foods undergo strict safety testing to eliminate risks of Salmonella, E. coli, and parasites
• Precise Portioning – Easy to measure, helping prevent overfeeding and obesity—a common issue in small breeds
• Clear Labeling – Transparent ingredient lists and guaranteed analysis help you make informed choices
• Consistency – Every batch is nutritionally uniform, ensuring stable digestion and predictable growth

Homemade or raw diets may seem natural, but they often lack essential nutrients unless carefully balanced by a veterinary nutritionist. Commercial puppy food removes the guesswork and ensures your Shih Tzu receives everything needed for thriving development.

Veterinarian Insight: The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) advises against raw feeding due to health risks for both pets and humans.

Expert Recommendation: For optimal results, choose a small-breed puppy formula specifically designed for toy dogs like the Shih Tzu. Look for kibble sized for small jaws and enriched with omega fatty acids for skin and coat health. Consider a blend of dry and wet food to balance dental benefits with hydration support.

Additional Considerations for Shih Tzu Owners

• Small Kibble Size: Ensures easy chewing and reduces dental strain in tiny jaws
• Dental Health: Some formulas include tartar-control ingredients to combat plaque buildup
• Allergen Awareness: Avoid foods with common allergens like corn, soy, or wheat if sensitivities arise
• Transition Gradually: Mix new food with old over 7–10 days to prevent digestive upset
• Lifetime Nutrition: Establish healthy eating habits early—what they eat as puppies impacts long-term health

How to Choose the Best Food for Your Shih Tzu Puppy

Selecting the right puppy food is one of the most important decisions a new Shih Tzu owner can make. Proper nutrition during the first year of life lays the foundation for long-term health, supporting rapid growth, brain development, immune function, and coat quality. Shih Tzus are a small, brachycephalic (flat-faced) breed with unique dietary and physical needs, making it essential to choose food that aligns with their specific requirements. This comprehensive guide covers the key factors to consider when choosing high-quality puppy food tailored to your Shih Tzu, including ingredient quality, breed-specific formulations, age and size appropriateness, and the importance of veterinary guidance.

Important Note: Always transition your puppy to a new food gradually over 7–10 days by mixing increasing amounts of the new food with the old. Sudden dietary changes can lead to digestive upset, diarrhea, or vomiting.

1. Prioritize High-Quality Ingredients

The foundation of any excellent puppy food is a strong emphasis on high-quality, whole ingredients. For Shih Tzu puppies, whose small bodies are undergoing rapid development, nutrient-dense food is essential.

• Primary Protein Source: Look for real meat—such as chicken, lamb, turkey, or beef—as the first ingredient. High-quality animal protein supports muscle development and provides essential amino acids critical for growth.
• Meat By-Products (in moderation): While whole meat should dominate, organ meats like liver or heart are rich in vitamins (A, B12) and minerals (iron), contributing to overall vitality.
• Fruits and Vegetables: Natural sources like blueberries, carrots, and spinach deliver antioxidants, fiber, and phytonutrients that boost the immune system and promote healthy digestion.
• Healthy Carbohydrates: Whole grains like brown rice, oats, or barley provide sustained energy and dietary fiber. Avoid foods where corn, wheat, or soy are primary ingredients, as these are common allergens and low in nutritional value.
• Avoid Artificial Additives: Shih Tzus are prone to skin sensitivities and allergies. Steer clear of artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives (like BHA, BHT, or ethoxyquin), which can trigger adverse reactions and offer no health benefit.

Choosing food with transparent, recognizable ingredients leads to visible benefits: a shinier coat, higher energy levels, improved digestion, and fewer allergic flare-ups.

2. Opt for Breed-Specific Formulas

Generic puppy food may not meet the unique needs of a Shih Tzu. Breed-specific formulas are scientifically designed to support the breed’s distinctive characteristics, from jaw structure to metabolism.

• Kibble Size and Shape: Shih Tzus have small mouths and flat faces. Specially sized kibble makes it easier for them to pick up and chew food, reducing the risk of gulping and improving dental health.
• Nutrient Balance: These formulas are tailored to support healthy bone and joint development, helping prevent common issues like patellar luxation (slipping kneecaps) and hip dysplasia, which are more prevalent in small breeds.
• Digestive Support: Many breed-specific foods include prebiotics and probiotics to maintain gut health, which is especially important for sensitive Shih Tzus.
• Energy Density: Shih Tzu puppies have high metabolisms relative to their size. Breed-specific foods often contain the right balance of fats and proteins to fuel their energy needs without promoting excessive weight gain.

By choosing a formula designed specifically for small or toy breeds—or even Shih Tzu-specific blends—you ensure your puppy receives nutrition that aligns with their unique physiology.

3. Ensure Age and Size Appropriateness

Puppy food is not one-size-fits-all. The nutritional demands of a growing puppy differ significantly from those of an adult dog, and size plays a crucial role in determining the right formulation.

• Growth Support: Puppy food is enriched with higher levels of protein, fat, calcium, and DHA (an omega-3 fatty acid) to support brain development, vision, and strong bones.
• Kibble Size Matters: Small kibble is easier for Shih Tzus to chew and digest. Large kibble can cause frustration, poor chewing, and even choking hazards.
• Portion Control: Feeding age- and size-appropriate food helps regulate calorie intake, preventing both undernourishment and obesity—a common issue in small breeds due to overfeeding.
• Life Stage Alignment: Always choose food labeled for “puppies” or “growth,” not adult maintenance formulas. Transition to adult food only when your veterinarian recommends it, typically around 10–12 months of age.

Check the packaging carefully for feeding guidelines based on weight and age. Adjust portions as your puppy grows, and monitor body condition to ensure healthy development.

4. Consult Your Veterinarian for Personalized Advice

No guide can replace personalized advice from a trusted veterinarian. Every Shih Tzu is unique, and your vet can help you choose the best food based on your puppy’s individual health, weight, activity level, and any underlying conditions.

• Individualized Nutrition: If your puppy has food sensitivities, digestive issues, or a genetic predisposition to certain conditions (e.g., liver shunt), your vet can recommend specialized diets.
• Avoiding Common Mistakes: Well-meaning owners often choose trendy or grain-free diets without understanding the risks. Your vet can help you avoid foods that may contribute to heart issues or nutritional imbalances.
• Clinically Tested Brands: Veterinarian-recommended brands (such as Royal Canin, Hill’s Science Diet, or Purina Pro Plan) undergo rigorous testing to ensure safety, digestibility, and nutritional adequacy.
• Ongoing Monitoring: As your puppy grows, their nutritional needs change. Regular vet check-ups allow for timely adjustments to their diet, ensuring they stay on track for optimal health.

Including your veterinarian in the food selection process is a proactive step toward preventing future health problems and promoting a long, vibrant life.

Expert Tip: Keep a simple food journal during the first few months. Note your puppy’s energy level, coat condition, stool quality, and any signs of itching or digestive upset. This can help you and your vet identify the best diet and detect sensitivities early.

Additional Tips for Feeding Your Shih Tzu Puppy

• Feed 3–4 small meals per day until 6 months old, then transition to 2 meals daily to prevent hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which small breeds are prone to.
• Always provide fresh, clean water and monitor intake, especially in warm weather.
• Avoid table scraps and human food, which can lead to obesity and digestive issues.
• Store puppy food in a cool, dry place in its original bag inside a sealed container to preserve freshness.
• Review the ingredient list regularly—even trusted brands may change formulations.

Choosing the right food for your Shih Tzu puppy is an investment in their long-term health and happiness. By focusing on high-quality ingredients, breed-specific needs, proper life-stage nutrition, and professional veterinary advice, you can give your furry companion the best possible start in life. Remember, a well-nourished puppy grows into a vibrant, energetic, and resilient adult dog.

Frequently Asked Questions About Feeding Shih Tzu Puppies

Yes, Shih Tzu puppies can be fed homemade food, but it must be carefully formulated to meet all of their essential nutritional needs. While many pet owners enjoy preparing fresh, natural meals for their dogs, a poorly balanced diet can lead to deficiencies or health issues during critical growth phases.

• Nutritional Balance: A complete puppy diet should include high-quality protein, healthy fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals in the correct ratios. Deficiencies in calcium, phosphorus, or essential amino acids can impair bone development and organ function.
• Safe Ingredients: Avoid toxic foods such as onions, garlic, chocolate, grapes, and xylitol. Stick to dog-safe proteins like chicken, turkey, lean beef, and fish, paired with digestible carbs like sweet potatoes or brown rice.
• Veterinary Guidance: It's strongly recommended to consult a veterinarian or a canine nutritionist before starting a homemade diet. They can help design a meal plan tailored to your Shih Tzu’s age, weight, and health status.
• Supplementation: Most homemade diets require added supplements (e.g., calcium, fish oil, multivitamins) to ensure completeness, especially for growing puppies.

While homemade feeding offers control over ingredients, commercial puppy foods labeled as “complete and balanced” by AAFCO are often more reliable for consistent nutrition unless a custom diet is professionally supervised.

Protein is a cornerstone of proper puppy development, particularly for small, fast-growing breeds like the Shih Tzu. During the first year of life, puppies undergo rapid physical and physiological changes that demand a rich supply of high-quality protein.

• Muscle and Tissue Growth: Proteins provide the amino acids necessary for building strong muscles, tendons, and connective tissues—critical for active, playful puppies.
• Organ Development: Vital organs, including the heart, liver, and brain, rely on protein for proper formation and function.
• Immune System Support: Antibodies and immune cells are protein-based, meaning adequate intake helps puppies resist infections and recover faster from illnesses.
• Energy and Repair: When fats and carbs are low, protein can also serve as an energy source and aid in repairing damaged cells.

Look for puppy foods with at least 22–25% protein from animal sources (e.g., chicken, lamb, fish) to support optimal growth. For small breeds like Shih Tzus, highly digestible proteins are especially beneficial to prevent gastrointestinal upset.

No, grain-free food is not inherently necessary for all Shih Tzu puppies. In fact, grains like rice, barley, and oats can be excellent sources of energy, fiber, and essential nutrients when properly cooked and included in a balanced diet.

• Grain Sensitivities: Only puppies with diagnosed grain allergies or sensitivities—evidenced by symptoms like chronic itching, ear infections, or digestive issues—should be placed on grain-free diets.
• Gluten Concerns: Some Shih Tzus may react to gluten (found in wheat), which can contribute to gastrointestinal discomfort. However, this is relatively rare and should be confirmed by a vet before eliminating grains.
• Nutritional Trade-offs: Many grain-free formulas replace grains with legumes (like peas or lentils), which have been under scrutiny by the FDA for a potential link to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in dogs.
• Digestibility: High-quality grains are generally well-digested by dogs and can help regulate blood sugar and support gut health.

Instead of focusing solely on grain content, prioritize overall ingredient quality, protein sources, and AAFCO compliance. If you suspect a food sensitivity, work with your vet to conduct an elimination diet rather than making assumptions about grains.

Shih Tzu puppies should typically transition to adult dog food between 10 and 12 months of age. As a small breed, they reach physical maturity earlier than larger breeds, which may take 18–24 months to mature.

• Growth Timeline: Most small dogs stop growing in size by 10–12 months, signaling the end of their high-energy growth phase and reduced need for elevated calorie and nutrient levels found in puppy food.
• Nutritional Shift: Adult food contains lower levels of protein, fat, and calcium compared to puppy food, which helps prevent excessive weight gain and skeletal stress once growth is complete.
• Transition Method: Switch gradually over 7–10 days by mixing increasing amounts of adult food with decreasing amounts of puppy food to avoid digestive upset.
• Individual Variation: Some Shih Tzus may mature slightly earlier or later. Monitor body condition, energy levels, and vet recommendations to determine the ideal timing for your pet.

Feeding puppy food beyond the appropriate age can contribute to obesity and joint problems, so timely transition is key to long-term health.

Not all fillers are harmful, but many offer little to no nutritional benefit and may even pose risks depending on the type and quantity used. The term "filler" generally refers to inexpensive ingredients added to bulk up food without contributing significant nutrients.

• Common Fillers: Ingredients like corn, soy, wheat, brewer’s rice, and animal by-products are often labeled as fillers. While not toxic, they are less digestible and less nutritious than whole meats, vegetables, and quality grains.
• Allergies and Digestion: Some fillers—especially corn and soy—are common allergens that can trigger skin irritation, ear infections, or gastrointestinal issues in sensitive Shih Tzus.
• Misconception Alert: Raisins are not a filler—they are highly toxic to dogs and should never appear in any dog food. The original response likely confused "raisins" with "grains" or other common fillers.
• Marketing vs. Reality: Many premium brands avoid low-quality fillers and instead use functional carbohydrates like sweet potatoes or chickpeas, which provide energy and fiber.

To ensure quality, read ingredient labels carefully. Prioritize foods where whole meat is the first ingredient and avoid those with excessive unnamed by-products, artificial preservatives, or high levels of non-nutritive fillers. When in doubt, consult your veterinarian for brand recommendations tailored to your puppy’s needs.